On the October 14, 2024, a design concept (DI) by Nick Cornford entitled “To press ON or maintain OFF? This does each” appeared. It’s a very attention-grabbing DI for DC voltages, however what about AC voltages?
Wow the engineering world along with your distinctive design: Design Concepts Submission Information
After studying this DI, I made a decision to design a circuit with comparable operation for the much-needed AC voltages since a lot of our devices are related to 110V/230V AC mains. In Determine 1’s circuit, if the only push button SW1 is pressed momentarily as soon as, the mains AC voltage is prolonged to the output the place a gadget is related. If push button SW1 is pressed for a very long time—4 to five seconds—energy is disconnected. In my view, a shiny fashionable push button appears to be like extra enticing and chic than a toggle swap.
Determine 1 When you press SW1 as soon as, the AC output terminal J2 will get AC provide. When you maintain SW1 for a very long time, i.e., 4 to five seconds, the trail from the facility provide to terminal J2 will get disconnected. One single pushbutton offers each ON and OFF capabilities for AC voltage.
On this circuit, mains AC is fed to output terminal by the U5 triac. It needs to be chosen in response to voltage and present requirement. Whenever you press SW1 as soon as momentarily, it triggers a monostable U2A. Its elevating edge pulse output units the flip-flop U4A. Q2 turns into ON and present flows by the photodiode of U1. Optotriac U1 conducts and therefore triac U5 additionally conducts. Thus, mains voltage is prolonged to output terminal.
When you press SW1 for a very long time, i.e., 4 to five seconds (this time may be adjusted by altering R4, R5), capacitor C1 fees. When its voltage reaches the reference voltage set by the R4, R5 division, the comparator U3A output goes HIGH which resets flip-flop U4A. Thus, the flip-flop output goes LOW, switching Q2 OFF. At this level, no present flows by photodiode of U1, therefore U1 and U5 are switched OFF. This fashion, the mains voltage to output is disconnected.
Whenever you press SW1, C1 is charged. When SW1 is open, there have to be a path to discharge C1 for correct operation of the subsequent cycle. That is achieved by Q1. When SW1 is open, present flows from C1 by the emitter-base of Q1 and R1. Therefore Q1 will get saturated and discharges C1. When SW1 is pressed, voltage is utilized to base of Q1 by way of R7 and therefore Q1 turns into open and permits C1 to cost. Being CMOS IC-based, your entire circuit attracts little or no present.
VDD right here is 5 VDC. The VDD and VSS pins of U2, U3, and U4 are usually not proven within the circuit. They have to be wired to VDD and VSS inputs proven. If you need a extra easy circuit, the U1, U5 circuit may be changed with a easy relay.
Jayapal Ramalingam has over three many years of expertise in designing electronics programs for energy & course of industries and is presently a contract automation guide.
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