Saturday, February 8, 2025

LIDAR-Pulsed Time-of-Flight Reference Design


See how time-of-flight expertise measures distance. Learn the way information converters, optics, and sign processing are utilized in drones, LiDAR, and robotics.

TIDA-01187 LIDAR-Pulsed Time-of-Flight Reference Design Using High-Speed Data Converters top design image
TIDA-01187 LIDAR-Pulsed Time-of-Flight Reference Design Utilizing Excessive-Pace Information Converters high design picture

Time-of-flight (ToF) optical strategies are utilized in numerous functions for exact distance measurement, together with laser security scanners, vary finders, drones, steerage methods, and autonomous autos. TIDA-01187, LIDAR-pulsed time-of-flight reference design utilizing high-speed information converters from Texas Devices (TI), highlights the advantages of a high-speed information converter-based resolution, comparable to improved goal identification, diminished pattern charge calls for, and a less complicated sign chain. It additionally covers optics, driver and receiver front-end circuits, ADCs, DACs, and sign processing.

Functions embrace architectural surveying gear, automotive scanning LiDAR, drones, gasoline evaluation, laser vary finders (LiDAR), laser security scanners, retinal imaging, and robotics.

– Commercial –

The design helps a measurement vary of as much as 9 meters or extra with further optics and elevated laser energy. It achieves a variety measurement imply error of lower than ±6 mm and an ordinary deviation of lower than 3 cm, guaranteeing excessive accuracy.

The system includes a 5.75-W pulsed 905-nm near-infrared laser diode and driver with a mean output energy of lower than 1 mW. It features a near-infrared PIN photodiode with a high-speed trans-impedance amplifier entrance finish. Laser collimation and picture receiver focusing optics are additionally integrated for enhanced efficiency.

– Commercial –

Key parts embrace 14-bit, 125-MSPS ADCs, 16-bit, 500-MSPS DACs, high-speed amplifiers, and exact clocking. The system makes use of a pulsed ToF measurement technique with DFT-based vary estimation for improved effectivity. Moreover, automotive-grade variations can be found for chosen gadgets.

The coherent nature of laser gentle makes it splendid for distance measurement, as it may be simply collimated right into a slim beam with minimal divergence. By using the fixed pace of sunshine, distance could be calculated by measuring the time it takes for laser gentle to journey to a goal and return. Advances in small lasers and photodiodes have enabled the event of compact and moveable methods, supporting functions comparable to laser security scanners, drones, laser vary finders, and steerage methods.

On this system, gentle emitted by the laser is collimated right into a slim beam utilizing a lens. The beam travels to the goal, displays off it, and is then centered onto the detector by a second lens. The laser driver and stimulus subsystem can apply pulsed or amplitude modulation (AM) waveforms. Whereas some lasers assist frequency modulation (FM), which entails modulating the emitted wavelength, this function is past the scope of this design.

To additional optimize system vary, the optical detector—a PIN or avalanche photodiode—generates a present proportional to the return sign. A really low-noise TIA is crucial for amplifying the sign, as its amplitude decreases with the sq. of the space. The amplified sign is then processed to supply correct vary measurements, making this design a complete resolution for distance measurement functions.

TI has examined this reference design. It comes with a invoice of supplies (BOM), schematics, meeting drawing, printed circuit board (PCB) format, and extra. The corporate’s web site has further information in regards to the reference design. To learn extra about this reference design, click on right here.


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