DIY Automated Water Stage Indicator and Controller with Arduino

Water storage typically presents challenges resembling monitoring tank ranges, stopping overflow, and decreasing handbook intervention to function the pump. Two kinds of gadgets, often called water degree indicators and controllers, have been developed to deal with these points.

These gadgets have key drawbacks. Water degree indicators require handbook pump operation and sometimes waste energy as a number of LEDs keep unnecessarily lit. Water degree controllers face frequent pump biking from minor fluctuations, accelerating the pump’s put on and tear and shortening its lifespan.

Additionally, Test the Water Pump Controller mission that we constructed beforehand.

An computerized water degree indicator cum controller gadget can deal with these issues. To construct this gadget, the parts listed in Desk 1 are required. Fig. 1 reveals the creator’s prototype.

Desk 1: Record of parts
Merchandise	Amount
Arduino Uno (MOD1)	1
Water degree sensors or float swap	3
5V SPDT relay (RL1)	1
BC547 NPN transistor (T1)	1
1N4007 rectifier diode (D1)	1
330Ω resistor (R1, R2, R3)	3
10kΩ resistor (R4, R5, R6)	3
1kΩ resistor (R7)	1
Water pump	1
5mm LED	3
Energy provide for Arduino Uno	5V
Energy provide for water pump motor	230V AC

Arduino Code for Water Stage Indicator and Controller

The code is written in Arduino IDE. First, the IDE have to be put in. The code can then be downloaded and opened in Arduino IDE.

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Within the preliminary a part of the code, sensor wires, LEDs, and the relay pin are outlined. Within the setup operate, the pin modes are configured as enter for the sensor wires and output for the LEDs and relay.

Within the loop operate, the degrees are detected utilizing the learn operate. Primarily based on the detected degree, the relay activates or off, controlling the motor related to it.

The board and port for the Arduino Uno ought to be chosen. The Arduino Uno ought to then be plugged in, and the supply code uploaded. Fig. 2 reveals a snippet of the supply code.

Circuit

Fig. 3 reveals the circuit diagram of the automated water degree indicator cum controller. It’s constructed round an Arduino Uno board (MOD1), three LEDs, a 5V SPDT relay, and different parts.

First, all sensors ought to be put in within the higher tank, and the pump motor ought to be put in within the decrease tank.

The circuit can use both wires as sensors or float switches.

Working

Filling Mode

Throughout water filling, the three wire sensors are positioned at completely different heights within the tank. The pump motor begins routinely when water is beneath the bottom sensor.

When water touches the bottom sensor, LED1 lights up, however the pump stays on. When water touches the center sensor, LED1 turns off, LED2 lights up, and the pump stays on.

When water touches the very best sensor, LED3 lights up, LEDs 1 and a couple of flip off, and the pump switches off.

Desk 2: Filling mode
Sensor Place	Situation	LED1	LED2	LED3	PUMP
Water touches no sensors (beneath lowest sensor)	Tank is empty	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON
Water touches the bottom sensor	Tank shouldn’t be empty	ON	OFF	OFF	ON
Water touches the center sensor	Tank is partially stuffed	OFF	ON	OFF	ON
Water touches the very best sensor	Tank is full	OFF	OFF	ON	OFF

Draining Mode

Throughout water drainage, when the water degree drops beneath the very best sensor, LED3 turns off, and LED2 lights up, however the pump stays off.

When the water degree reaches beneath the center sensor, LED2 turns off, and LED1 lights up, however the pump stays off.

When the water is beneath the bottom sensor, all LEDs flip off, and the pump begins.

Desk 3: Draining mode
Sensor Place	Situation	LED1	LED2	LED3	PUMP
Water degree is on the highest sensor	Tank is full	OFF	OFF	ON	OFF
Water degree is beneath the very best sensor	Tank is partially stuffed	OFF	ON	OFF	OFF
Water degree is beneath the center sensor	Tank shouldn’t be empty	ON	OFF	OFF	OFF
Water degree is beneath the bottom sensor	Tank is empty	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON

Testing

The supply code should first be uploaded into the Arduino Uno. The parts ought to then be related as per the circuit diagram proven in Fig. 3. The Arduino Uno board ought to be powered utilizing a 5V adaptor or a USB cable related to a laptop computer or desktop.

The water pump ought to be related to a 230V AC energy provide by means of the relay contacts. After powering the gadget and putting in the sensors within the tank, water ought to be stuffed into the tank. The LEDs will glow in response to the water degree, and the pump will swap on or off as described in Tables 2 and three.

Test different Arduino Tasks

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Rakesh Jain, Assistant Professor within the ECE Division at Geetanjali Institute of Technical Research, Udaipur, holds a grasp’s diploma in VLSI, a BE diploma in electronics and communication and a diploma in electronics. His analysis areas are sensors and microcontrollers, and he has 31 copyrights, 9 design patent registrations, and three Indian utility patents to his credit score. He’s the recipient of the Mewar Scientist Award 2023.