A small crack in one of many pillars supporting the world’s largest lift-irrigation challenge was the opening that Sunil Kanugolu was searching for as he shepherded the election marketing campaign of the opposition Congress celebration within the southern Indian state of Telangana late final 12 months.
Up in opposition to the regional Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) celebration whose chief Okay Chandrashekhar Rao had dominated Telangana because the state’s beginning a decade earlier, the Congress, driving on disenchantment over alleged corruption and nepotism, was polling nicely.
However Kanugolu, the in-house election mastermind of the Indian Nationwide Congress or Congress celebration, needed one thing extra — one thing that will drive residence his celebration’s benefit, based mostly on a mantra that’s central to his method.
“No election is ever gained by logic. Feelings win elections,” the 40-year-old says typically, in keeping with a detailed confidant who requested anonymity.
In Telangana, a member of Kanugolu’s group discovered {a photograph} of the small crack within the Kaleshwaram raise irrigation challenge that morphed right into a ballot technique to topple the BRS from energy.
Mock ATM machines, branded as “Kaleshwaram ATM”, have been arrange in numerous elements of Telangana and pictures of Congress employees inserting faux forex notes into the slot — which was the chief minister’s mouth — went viral. Within the story that the Congress was telling, the challenge, constructed at a staggering value of $9.8bn and being touted as an emblem of Telangana delight, was a crumbling testomony to the BRS’ brazen corruption.
The marketing campaign was a basic instance from Kanugolu’s election technique playbook.
“I’m not a believer in preventing elections with a number of, three-four-five objects. There must be one single narrative that you just preserve pushing and get the complete celebration, whole ecosystem, sources at your disposal to rally round. Different points are sprinklings that you just add to speeches and stuff like that,” Kanugolu’s confidant recollects him saying.
In Telangana, that “sprinkling” included publicising welfare schemes the Congress would implement for girls, farmers, youth, the aged and poor households if voted to energy. “Inside a few week there was a 3 to 9 p.c swing within the vote share on the premise of the guarantees,” a researcher with Inclusive Minds, the Bengaluru-headquartered election consultancy agency that Kanugolu runs for the Congress, advised Al Jazeera.
The Congress gained a transparent majority and fashioned the federal government in Telangana.
A decade in the past, Kanugolu, a former marketing consultant with McKinsey, was a member of the group that strategised, formed and applied Narendra Modi’s prime ministerial marketing campaign.
Now, a decade later, he is without doubt one of the prime political consultants within the nation and is working with the Congress to carry down PM Modi within the nationwide elections that started on April 19 with the primary section of voting, and shall be performed in seven phases ending on June 1.
However the problem Kanugolu faces is not only from Modi and his Bharatiya Janata Social gathering (BJP), however his personal Congress celebration as nicely.
The Congress celebration has been out of energy federally for 10 years, and has simply 52 members of parliament (MPs) within the 543-member decrease home of Indian parliament, the Lok Sabha.
In Might 2022, when Kanugolu formally joined the Congress, he was inducted into an eight-member “Activity Power-2024”. The plan was to let him lead the Congress’s campaigns in 9 states that went to polls for his or her regional governments in 2023 — after which deal with the 2024 normal elections.
However inside politics throughout the Congress derailed the state election plan and the duty power did not take off, forcing Kanugolu to slender his focus and ambition.
He’s now engaged on a plan B, focussing on 100-120 constituencies the place the Congress both has a successful probability or needs to place up a struggle as a matter of status. The final employed to win India’s 2024 election battle by launching a full-frontal assault on Modi’s BJP is now busy managing 100 or so snipers and attempting to verify they don’t miss their targets.
“Political consultants aren’t magicians. They play an essential however restricted function if a celebration is in good condition,” Sanjay Kumar, co-director of Lokniti, a New Delhi-based analysis organisation that research public opinion throughout and between elections, advised Al Jazeera.
“Is there a magician who could make the Congress win the 2024 elections? Even 50 magicians can’t make the Congress win.”
Forward of the 2014 nationwide election, Modi, then the chief minister of the western state of Gujarat, roped in public well being specialist Prashant Kishor to create a tech-savvy, data-driven election consultancy, very similar to future US President Barack Obama’s in 2008, to catapult him on to the nationwide stage.
Kishor in flip introduced in Kanugolu, amongst different vivid, formidable professionals, and collectively they arrange Residents for Accountable Governance (CAG). They performed in depth surveys to know what motivated individuals’s voting choices, studied previous voting patterns, examined what resonated with individuals and created a marketing campaign technique for the BJP by placing Modi at its centre.
“There are solely two methods to win elections — both you make your line massive, otherwise you reduce the opposite particular person’s line,” Abhimanyu Bharti, a former political marketing consultant with CAG, who now runs the web Faculty of Politics, advised Al Jazeera.
The CAG used each these methods successfully. It pulled out all of the stops to launch a strong marketing campaign to take advantage of the rising anger in opposition to the Congress’s inefficient and corrupt authorities on the centre. Thousands and thousands of {dollars} have been spent to create Model Modi and to challenge him as an ready administrator, a decisive chief who had introduced growth, international funding and prosperity to his residence state of Gujarat.
A blitzkrieg of 3D vans in nearly each Lok Sabha constituency beamed Modi’s hologram picture, drawing giant crowds to hearken to him speak about his imaginative and prescient for India and promise of “achche din” (good days).
The BJP gained a snug majority — the primary for any celebration in 30 years — and Modi grew to become the prime minister.
Whereas Kishor left the BJP quickly afterwards, Kanugolu stayed on. Together with others, he created the Affiliation of Billion Minds (ABM), the BJP’s in-house election machine that’s also known as “Amit Shah’s group”, after Modi’s de facto deputy and India’s residence minister.
In 2017, the BJP gained in Uttar Pradesh, India’s largest state that sends 80 MPs to Lok Sabha. That victory was credited to ABM, led by Kanugolu. “Knowledge evaluation, political perception, agenda-setting and media communication are his forte,” a rival political marketing consultant advised Al Jazeera on the situation of anonymity.
After helming a string of wins, Kanugolu selected to maneuver on from the BJP and arrange his personal political consultancy in Bengaluru – Mindshare Analytics, working primarily for political events in southern India.
Based on his buddies and colleagues, Kanugolu maintains that he’s in opposition to the BJP’s religion-based politics — although he labored with the celebration for a number of years and helped it consolidate its energy throughout India. However in personal conversations, they are saying, Kanugolu acknowledges that the rationale he left Modi’s aspect was one thing extra fundamental.
He was bored.
If Kanugolu was not excited by the BJP, a celebration that has been on a successful roll over the previous decade, the Congress’s struggles on this interval have been, partly, what drew him to the celebration, his confidant stated. Kanugolu “thrives on difficult conditions,” he stated.
The self-described “backroom boy” additionally deeply covets his privateness, and doggedly avoids the press and limelight. He declined Al Jazeera’s request for a proper interview.
Al Jazeera spoke with greater than a dozen of his present and former colleagues, buddies in addition to friends, to piece collectively a portrait of a person who wields important political affect however operates within the shadows.
And within the secretive world of political consultancies, the place individuals shift jobs and loyalties typically, most spoke about him solely on the situation of anonymity.
Kanugolu is tall, bearded and well-built — but he typically manages to remain invisible in plain sight.
The one senior Congress chief whose {photograph} is lacking from the celebration’s web site, he has been the topic of reports articles which have mistakenly carry his brother’s image.
Final 12 months, his confidant recalled, when Kanugolu was main the Congress’s marketing campaign within the high-stake Karnataka state elections, “I used to be to fulfill him at Bengaluru’s Taj West Finish lodge for lunch”.
One way or the other information obtained out and a number of other aspiring candidates turned up on the inexperienced, leafy heritage lodge in Karnataka’s capital.
They didn’t know what he regarded like, however they hung round, searching for him whereas Kanugolu, “a whiskey-drinker and a militant meat-eater who has not had a single vegetarian meal in 25 years”, sat together with his good friend within the garden, out within the open, consuming and chatting. After which he left.
“Everybody is aware of simply fundamental s*** about him,” a former communication marketing consultant with Inclusive Minds advised Al Jazeera.
The marketing consultant stated the general public is aware of Kanugolu is initially from Karnataka, belongs to a backward group, Balija, “like Chiranjeevi, the Telugu actor”, however grew up in Chennai within the state of Tamil Nadu, the place he studied laptop engineering. He then went to check at New York College, earlier than becoming a member of McKinsey. Folks additionally know that he’s fluent in 5 languages — Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Hindi and English – however “listens greater than he talks.”
Not like Kishor, India’s prime political analyst who’s flamboyant, media savvy and boastful about his political predictions and campaigns, Kanugolu prefers to stay invisible and maintains that credit score for election victories should lie with the individuals, together with candidates and senior celebration leaders whose “necks are on the road”.
Working incognito in India’s buzzing, chaotic, typically hostile electoral area has a logic of its personal. And it brings unlikely energy.
It retains the general public give attention to events and their leaders, and gives the look that their recognition will not be orchestrated, however natural — a real groundswell.
Throughout elections, when money and favour fly quick, and suspicion runs deep, most election consultancies have “political intelligence” groups on the bottom, a euphemism for what a former ABM worker stated is “a tactical, SWOT unit”.
Individuals are employed and planted not simply in rival camps, but in addition to control the celebration’s personal leaders.
On this state of affairs, invisibility conveys an absence of political ambition that helps political leaders belief their consultants. It additionally provides a little bit of mystique.
“I believe there’s a very concerted effort to carry that type of enigmatic character and it’s labored nicely for him,” a researcher with Inclusive Minds stated.
That’s why, Kanugolu’s confidant stated, the strategist refused a Congress provide — made by the celebration’s face, Rahul Gandhi, no much less — of a seat within the Rajya Sabha, the higher home of India’s parliament.
However being incognito doesn’t imply being timid.
“These administration consultants from McKinsey and others,” the rival political marketing consultant stated, “have massive egos”.
And even throughout the Congress, India’s oldest celebration, Kanugolu is in some ways his personal boss — setting his personal crimson strains.
If the crack within the pillar of the irrigation challenge was Kanugolu’s eureka second in Telangana, the marketing campaign he framed for the Congress in Karnataka in 2023 confirmed an aggression that analysts say is usually lacking from the celebration’s quiver.
Amid allegations that beneath the then-BJP authorities of the state, contractors wanted to pay 40 p.c of challenge earnings as bribes, Kanugolu’s group launched a “PayCM” marketing campaign, which included posters with a QR code that regarded just like the BJP chief minister’s face.
On scanning, it redirected to a web site that listed the alleged corruption costs in opposition to the BJP authorities. The Congress gained the elections to the state, one in every of India’s financial powerhouses, and Kanugolu was made chief adviser to the chief minister, with cupboard rank.
But, late final 12 months, when the Congress requested Kanugolu to take cost of the final elections, he declined to take “full accountability”, saying it was too late. “You must begin preventing elections the day after you lose the earlier election. That’s the way you construct a nationwide election, particularly if you’re preventing somebody like Modi,” Kanugolu stated later, in keeping with his confidant.
Nonetheless, Kanugolu, who in keeping with a former colleague, operates on the “fail quick, suppose agile” motto, is enjoying a distinguished function within the marketing campaign. He has been flying to New Delhi typically, at hand over “dossiers” on the most effective candidates to Rahul Gandhi, and to debate points to give attention to — similar to a nationwide caste census that might win the celebration the help of marginalised communities — and traps to keep away from — similar to speaking concerning the newly consecrated Ram Temple.
Inaugurated by Modi in January, the temple is a central pillar of the BJP’s election marketing campaign. It’s constructed on the ruins of a Sixteenth-century mosque demolished by Hindu extremist activists, and the Congress refused to attend the inauguration. Kanugolu, in keeping with his confidant, has advised Congress leaders to skirt any public dialog across the temple — which he believes is a topic that may solely profit the BJP.
Kanugolu has additionally been visiting states the place election “battle rooms” are operational. Surveys are beneath solution to gauge individuals’s temper and take a look at the influence of the Congress celebration’s marketing campaign.
The Congress, whose financial institution accounts have been frozen since February over a delay in submitting income-tax returns, plans an enormous marketing campaign push in these constituencies nearer to polling days.
Of India’s 28 states, the Congress is in energy in solely three, of which Karnataka and Telangana have been gained by Kanugolu.
Together with engaged on nationwide elections, his give attention to three particular states has been slowly sharpening: Odisha within the east the place elections are being held concurrently with normal elections, and two states the place polls for the provincial authorities are scheduled for later within the 12 months — Maharashtra and Haryana.
Lately, Kanugolu incessantly refers to the necessity to give attention to particular person states to sew collectively a nationwide victory. “You could struggle nationwide elections by preventing and successful the states,” Kanugolu advised some members of his group, in keeping with the confidant.
And to have the ability to win anyplace, a celebration wants a frontrunner in whose picture its marketing campaign will be constructed. Kanugolu is aware of that nicely: He helped chisel the model that boosted Modi to energy. Now he’s attempting to do one thing related — but very totally different — for Rahul Gandhi.
The BJP, a cash-rich celebration with greater than 180 million main members, has social media and WhatsApp volunteers in each neighbourhood to push its marketing campaign message, which Kumar of Lokniti calls “the nationalism bouquet”.
“The development and consecration of the Ram Temple, direct profit schemes for farmers and the poor, the struggle in opposition to corruption and making India a world chief are the flowers in that bouquet,” he stated.
Based on a Lokniti survey launched final week, 62 p.c of the individuals in India are nervous about rising unemployment and 55 p.c are anxious concerning the rise in corruption within the final 5 years. However Kumar says there’s a disconnect between voters’ considerations and voting patterns: Modi stays extensively common, in keeping with most polls.
In a battle of notion and character, Modi’s picture as a decisive, incorruptible nationalist, a protector of Hindus and a world chief – a picture that Kanugolu helped construct — helps the BJP.
The notion that Rahul Gandhi, the Congress’s undeclared prime ministerial candidate whose great-grandfather, grandmother and father have been prime ministers of India, has not earned the suitable to guide the Congress celebration, however has inherited it, additionally helps Modi. The BJP and its supporters have lengthy portrayed Rahul as a “Pappu” (an mental toddler).
Now Kanugolu is engaged on altering Gandhi’s picture.
In September 2022, Rahul Gandhi set out on his 150-day Bharat Jodo Yatra (Unite India March), strolling from India’s southernmost tip close to the Indian Ocean to Kashmir within the north to protest in opposition to the BJP’s Hindu-majoritarian politics and insurance policies.
Kanugolu took cost of the Telangana and Karnataka legs, stitching collectively among the most iconic moments of that march. At some point Gandhi delivered a rousing speech in pouring rain; the subsequent day he walked with the household of Gauri Lankesh, a journalist and a critic of right-wing extremism who was murdered exterior her residence in 2017.
Kanugolu’s group turned all these moments and extra — Rahul Gandhi strolling in a white collared T-shirt in winter, interacting with youngsters, Muslims and Christians — into rigorously crafted photographs and poignant quick video clips with rousing music and devotional chants. They amplified these on social media.
It made the march seem like a mass motion and adjusted Gandhi’s picture from being only a political opponent, to an ethical power standing in opposition to the BJP’s divisive politics.
Kanugolu has a plan to construct on that for Gandhi’s makeover. In conferences together with his group, he has spoken concerning the politician’s “phenomenal” understanding of complicated points.
Now, he’s attempting to get the nation to purchase into that message.
“You need to have a robust narrative, a reputable story to inform that ought to give attention to why individuals ought to vote for you and never your rivals. You probably have a narrative, individuals will vote for you,” stated Okay Nageshwar, professor, political analyst and YouTuber who has gained elections in Andhra Pradesh twice as an unbiased candidate.
In a nation that has been on an accelerated rightward shift since 2014, when the BJP beneath Modi was voted to energy, many analysts imagine the 2024 election is a watershed second. Who wins, and by what kind of margin, will resolve whether or not India continues down this path.
For the Congress, which considers itself the ethical custodian of India’s secular democracy, at stake is its legacy because the nationwide celebration that helped construct a newly unbiased nation — in addition to the celebration’s future.
And for Kanugolu, a rigorously constructed repute is on the road. His price as a strategist within the battle of 2024 doesn’t simply depend upon his skill to wrench victory for the Congress within the face of predicted defeat, but in addition how a lot he can dent the BJP’s claims of environment friendly governance over the ten years that they’ve been in energy.
From adverts that query the Modi authorities’s claims that it has introduced growth, financial prosperity and jobs, to being nimble and rethinking marketing campaign methods that aren’t working, Kanugolu is shaping the Congress celebration’s election technique even with one hand tied.
Earlier this month, the Congress and its ally, Trinamool Congress, tried to inform a narrative concerning the BJP’s alleged corruption. Washing machines, absolutely automated and top-loading ones, have been rolled onto the stage on the Congress’s press convention in New Delhi to capitalise on an announcement made by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman that defectors from all events, together with these going through felony investigations, have been welcome to hitch the BJP.
Congress leaders beamed as they shoved soiled garments into washing machines and pulled out squeaky clear, white ones.
However a social media sentiment and engagement survey by Kanugolu’s group confirmed that the washing machines have been neither making individuals snigger, nor including energy to the Congress’s “Modi Washing Powder” cost.
The washing machines have since disappeared, and the Congress is again to speaking concerning the want for a caste census. India has not revealed a census monitoring the demographic information of key castes since 1931. Many specialists say this hole in info has meant that the nation’s affirmative motion insurance policies are insufficient in serving to India’s most marginalised castes, and are sometimes misguided.
A brand new caste census might, in idea, be a blueprint to repair that — estimates recommend {that a} majority of India’s 1.4 billion individuals belong to deprived castes.
Rahul Gandhi has made the necessity for a nationwide caste census a central marketing campaign plank. Such a census, he claims, will present that beneath BJP rule, the nation’s wealth, prime posts and jobs have gone solely to the higher castes, who make up simply 15-20 p.c of the overall inhabitants.
In its manifesto, the Congress has promised to conduct the survey and implement schemes to appropriate this imbalance.
“You could make them perceive what it means for them,” Kanugolu advised his group concerning the caste census just lately. “You could make individuals really feel that they’ve been cheated, taken for a trip, that they’ve been betrayed all these years. After which change the complete factor to how their life might be totally different, higher.”
Kanugolu is aware of that his celebration’s caste narrative has been weak up to now, says his confidant. Nonetheless, the Congress is hoping for an undercurrent in opposition to the BJP that swings votes in its favour and brings India’s grand outdated celebration again to energy.
“No level brooding over what will not be in your hand,” Kanugolu advised his group just lately, in keeping with the confidant, outlining his philosophy days earlier than India’s mammoth election begins.
“Consider the long run and transfer ahead.” And preserve searching for cracks.
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